主题词：Islamic Studies and History; Education and Islamic Studies; Archaeology and Historical Studies; Historical and Linguistic Studies; Islamic Finance and Banking Studies; Global Maritime and Colonial Histories; Medieval and Classical Philosophy; African history and culture analysis; Eurasian Exchange Networks; Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies; Asian Studies and History; Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East; Turkey's Politics and Society; Islamic Thought and Society Studies; Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence; Religion, Society, and Development; Socioeconomic Development in MENA; Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts; Hispanic-African Historical Relations; Families in Therapy and Culture; Middle East Politics and Society; Linguistic, Cultural, and Literary Studies; Historical Astronomy and Related Studies; Historical and Architectural Studies; Religion and Society Interactions