主题词：Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management; Insurance and Financial Risk Management; Global Health Care Issues; Probability and Risk Models; Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling; Stochastic processes and financial applications; Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications; Health disparities and outcomes; Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis; Risk and Portfolio Optimization; demographic modeling and climate adaptation; Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies; Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference; Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models; Statistical Methods and Inference; Healthcare Policy and Management; Monetary Policy and Economic Impact; Financial Markets and Investment Strategies; Housing Market and Economics; Credit Risk and Financial Regulations; Human auditory perception and evaluation; Earthquake and Disaster Impact Studies; Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis; Economic theories and models; Banking stability, regulation, efficiency