主题词：Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques; Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging; Optical Coherence Tomography Applications; Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research; Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies; Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses; Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques; Digital Holography and Microscopy; Infrared Thermography in Medicine; Thermoregulation and physiological responses; Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine; Glaucoma and retinal disorders; Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry; Cell Image Analysis Techniques; Corneal surgery and disorders; Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography; Ocular and Laser Science Research; Retinal Diseases and Treatments; Photoreceptor and optogenetics research; Optical measurement and interference techniques; Retinal Imaging and Analysis; Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies