主题词：Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems; Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques; Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics; solar cell performance optimization; Building Energy and Comfort Optimization; Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods; Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties; Perovskite Materials and Applications; Phase Change Materials Research; TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques; Solar Energy Systems and Technologies; Urban Heat Island Mitigation; Adsorption and Cooling Systems; Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies; Heat Transfer Mechanisms; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies; Conducting polymers and applications; Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability; Heat Transfer and Optimization; Thin-Film Transistor Technologies; Copper-based nanomaterials and applications; Energy and Environment Impacts; Legal and Regulatory Analysis