主题词：Extracellular vesicles in disease; Immune cells in cancer; Cancer Cells and Metastasis; Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism; interferon and immune responses; Autophagy in Disease and Therapy; Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling; Cell Adhesion Molecules Research; MicroRNA in disease regulation; Inflammasome and immune disorders; Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways; RNA modifications and cancer; Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions; Mitochondrial Function and Pathology; Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers; Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer; Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ; Immune Cell Function and Interaction; Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis; Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation; Cell death mechanisms and regulation; Epigenetics and DNA Methylation; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease; NF-κB Signaling Pathways; Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research